What must be proven regarding concurrence in a criminal case?

In a criminal case, proving concurrence means demonstrating that the defendant had the requisite mental state at the time of committing the act. This principle is crucial in establishing that the defendant's intention or awareness aligned with their actions, which is necessary to confirm criminal liability.

Concurrence combines both the act (actus reus) and the intent or mental state (mens rea) that exists at the time of the offense. It is not sufficient for a defendant to simply commit a prohibited act; they must have the appropriate mindset or intent that accompanies that action. For example, to convict someone of theft, the prosecution must show not only that the individual physically took someone else's property but also that they intended to permanently deprive the owner of that property.

This understanding of concurrence is foundational in criminal law, helping to ensure that individuals are only held accountable for their actions when both their conduct and their mental state are aligned in relation to the crime committed.