Which of the following elements is NOT required to establish larceny?

To establish larceny, a few critical elements must be proven. The first element required is the trespassory taking and carrying away of property, which means that the defendant must physically take another person's property without permission. The second element is the intent to permanently deprive the owner of possession; this indicates that the thief intended to keep or control the property rather than just borrowing it. Additionally, the property must not belong to the thief but rather to someone else, affirming that the taking is unauthorized.

In the context of this question, the use of force during the theft is not necessary to establish larceny. Larceny can occur even without the application of force; for instance, if someone takes an unattended item from a public place without coercion, that is still classified as larceny as long as the other elements are met. Therefore, the absence of force is not a requirement, affirming that it is the correct answer to the question posed.